Statistical Proof of the Holy Bible based on Fulfilled Prophecies
“Any man who rejects Christ as the Son of God is rejecting a fact proved perhaps more absolutely than any other fact in the world.” — Professor Peter Stoner
Consider this passage of scripture:
Isaiah 46:9-10 "Remember the former things of old: for I am God, and there is none else; I am God, and there is none like me, Declaring the end from the beginning, and from ancient times the things that are not yet done, saying, My counsel shall stand, and I will do all my pleasure:"
The 66 books of the Holy Bible is the true word of God, and God's plan for the salvation of mankind. It has been scrutinized by an endless array of scholars, historians, archaeologists, scientists, mathematicians, and the like for thousands of years:
It has withstood the test of time.
It has withstood the test of history.
It has withstood the test of archaeology.
It has withstood the test of prophetic fulfillment.
John 17:17 "Sanctify them through thy truth: thy word is truth."
Not a single prophecy recorded in the bible has ever failed! Most were spoken hundreds of years ago before the birth of Christ. Historical evidence has proven, beyond a shadow of doubt, that every prophecy regarding Tyre, Nineveh, Gaza, and Babylon has come to pass. The books of the major and minor prophets alone already make up about 1/3 of the Holy Bible. If God really wanted to prove himself to man, then bible prophecy is it.
It was estimated that there are about 3,856 verses directly or indirectly concerned with prophecy in the bible. The Hindus, Buddhists, and Muslims also have what they considered their own sacred writings, but there is one problem with these “sacred writings,” in that the element of proven prophecy is absent in them. Neither do any other books in any of the world's religions (Vedas, Bhagavad-Gita, Koran, etc) contain scientific truth. On the contrary, they contain statements that are clearly unscientific.
The apostles throughout the New Testament appealed to two areas of the life of Jesus of Nazareth to establish his Messiah-ship. One was the resurrection and the other was fulfilled messianic prophecy. Perhaps people are not aware that the bible was written over a period of about 2,000 years, by more than 40 authors, who wrote on three different continents in three different languages. They spoke on hundreds of controversial subjects, and yet they penned their words with agreement and harmony. The Old Testament, written over a 2,000 year period, contains several hundred references to the coming Messiah. All of these were fulfilled in Jesus Christ, by which they established a solid confirmation of his credentials as the Messiah. Of course with the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls and other archaelogical evidences, the proof is abundantly positive that the Old Testament scriptures existed long before Jesus was ever even born. Jesus tells us:
John 5:39 "¶ Search the scriptures; for in them ye think ye have eternal life: and they are they which testify of me."
The word "scriptures" in this passage refers to the Old Testament. In this verse, Jesus was saying that in the Old Testament we will find the prophecies concerning him as Christ. It is therefore in these prophecies, and their fulfillment, that we may look if we wish to find evidence that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of God, the Saviour of mankind, and everything else which was prophesied of him, and which he claimed to be. If we find these prophecies to be fulfilled in Christ, we will not only establish that Jesus is the Christ predicted in the Old Testament, but that those prophecies were given by God Himself. For if they were not given by God, no man would have fulfilled any number of them, as will be evident later in the conversion of Professor Peter Stoner.
Professor Peter Stoner (1888 - 1980) was a famous mathematician and astronomer that served as chairman of the Mathematics and Astronomy Division for Pasadena City College as well as the Science Division for Westmont College. An avowed Atheist, Stoner soon turned to Christ after calculating the odds of Jesus Christ fulfilling just 8 of the prophecies spoken about him in the Old Testament. His conclusion was that the odds of one man fulfilling just 8 of the prophecies in one lifetime was 1 in 10^17 (or 1 with 17 zeros after it). Then take into consideration that Jesus Christ actually fulfilled more than 300 prophecies in his birth, death, burial and resurrection, it became obvious to Stoner of Christ’s divinity. His work was published in his book, Science Speaks.
In order to evaluate the evidence from scripture, he used the principle of probability. In evaluating the prophecies, he asked himself this question: “One man in how many men has fulfilled this prophecy?” Some people might say that these prophecies were made with respect to Christ, and no other man has, or even can, fulfill them. This, of course, is true when we consider the mass of prophecies regarding Christ, but it is not true of all individual prophecies. It was prophesied, for example, that Christ would be born in Bethlehem. Certainly other persons have been born in Bethlehem too. It was prophesied too, that Christ would be crucified. Other men have been crucified too. It was understood that Stoner was not looking for things that only Christ can do, such as supernatural healing and the raising of the dead.
To illustrate the probability of Jesus being the Christ prophesied in the Old Testament, Stoner only considered eight out of the more than three hundred prophecies fulfilled concerning Jesus:
Prophecy #1
Micah 5:2 "But thou, Beth–lehem Ephratah, though thou be little among the thousands of Judah, yet out of thee shall he come forth unto me that is to be ruler in Israel; whose goings forth have been from of old, from everlasting."
This prophecy predicts that the Christ is to be born in Bethlehem. Since this is the first prophecy to be considered there are no previously set restrictions, so the question is: One man in how many, the world over, has been born in Bethlehem? The best estimate which we can make of this comes from the attempt to find out the average population of Bethlehem, from Micah down to the present time, and divide it by the average population of the earth during the same period. One of the students with Stoner, a library assistant, determined that the ratio was one to 280,000. Since the probable population of the earth has averaged less than two billion during the time of Stoner, the population of Bethlehem has averaged less than 7,150. Therefore, the answer may be expressed in the form that one man in 7,150/2,000,000,000 or one man in 2.8 x 105 was born in Bethlehem.
Prophecy #2
Malachi 3:1 "Behold, I will send my messenger, and he shall prepare the way before me: and the Lord, whom ye seek, shall suddenly come to his temple, even the messenger of the covenant, whom ye delight in: behold, he shall come, saith the LORD of hosts."
The question here is: Of the men who have been born in Bethlehem, one man in how many has had a forerunner to prepare his way? John the Baptist, of course, was the forerunner of Christ. But since there appears to be no material difference between the people born in Bethlehem and those born any other place in the world, the question can just as well be general: One man in how many, the world over, has had a forerunner to prepare his way? It was agreed that one in 1,000 as being extremely on the conservative side,and so the estimate of 1 in 103 was used.
Prophecy #3
Zechariah 9:9 "¶ Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion; shout, O daughter of Jerusalem: behold, thy King cometh unto thee: he is just, and having salvation; lowly, and riding upon an ass, and upon a colt the foal of an ass."
Our question then was: One man in how many, who was born in Bethlehem and had a forerunner, did enter Jerusalem as a king riding on a colt the foal of an ass? This becomes so restrictive that we should consider an equivalent question: One man in how many, who has entered Jerusalem as a ruler, has entered riding on a colt the foal of an ass? Stoner knew this was a very hard thing to place an estimate on. Of course, no one but Christ who had so entered. The students with him thought that at least in more modern times any one entering Jerusalem as a king would use a more dignified means of transportation. They agreed to place an estimate of 1 in 104, but to be on the more conservative side, they decided to use 1 in 102.
Prophecy #4
Zechariah 13:6 "And one shall say unto him, What are these wounds in thine hands? Then he shall answer, Those with which I was wounded in the house of my friends."
Jesus was betrayed by Judas, one of his disciples, causing him to be put to death, wounds being made in his hands. There seems to be no relation between the fulfillment of this prophecy and those that were previously considered. We may then ask the question: One man in how many, the world over, has been betrayed by a friend, and that betrayal has resulted in his being wounded in his hands? The students with Stoner said that it was very rare to be betrayed by a friend, and still rarer for the betrayal to involve wounding in the hands. One in 1,000 was finally agreed upon, though most of the students would have preferred a larger number. So they used the estimate of 1 in 103 instead.
Prophecy #5
Zechariah 11:12 "And I said unto them, If ye think good, give me my price; and if not, forbear. So they weighed for my price thirty pieces of silver."
The question here is very simple: Of the people who have been betrayed, one in how many has been betrayed for exactly thirty pieces of silver? The students with Stoner thought this would be extremely rare and set their estimate as one in 10,000, or 1 in 104. To be on the conservative side, however, they used 1 in 103.
Prophecy #6
Zechariah 11:13 "And the LORD said unto me, Cast it unto the potter: a goodly price that I was prised at of them. And I took the thirty pieces of silver, and cast them to the potter in the house of the LORD."
This is extremely specific. All thirty pieces of silver are not to be returned. They are to be cast down in the house of the Lord, and they are to go to the potter. You will recall that Judas Iscariot in remorse tried to return the thirty pieces of silver, but the chief priest would not accept them. So Judas threw them down on the floor of the temple and went and hanged himself. The chief priest then took the money and bought a field of the potter to bury strangers in. Our question is: One man in how many, after receiving a bribe for the betrayal of a friend, had returned the money, had it refused, had thrown it on the floor in the house of the Lord, and then had it used to purchase a field from the potter? The students with Stoner said they doubted if there has ever been another incident involving all of these items, but they agreed on an estimate of one in 100,000. They were very sure that this was conservative. So they used the estimate as 1 in 105.
Prophecy #7
Isaiah 53:7 "He was oppressed, and he was afflicted, yet he opened not his mouth: he is brought as a lamb to the slaughter, and as a sheep before her shearers is dumb, so he openeth not his mouth."
One man in how many, after fulfilling the above prophecies, when he is oppressed and afflicted and is on trial for his life, though innocent, will make no defense for himself? Again the students with Stoner said they did not know that this had ever happened in any case other than Christ's. At least it is extremely rare, so they placed their estimate as one in 10,000 or 1 in 104. In the end, they decided to use 1 in 103.
Prophecy #8
Psalms 22:16 "For dogs have compassed me: the assembly of the wicked have inclosed me: they pierced my hands and my feet."
The Jews were still looking for the coming of the Messiah. In fact, He might have come any time after these prophecies were written up to the present time, or even on into the future. So the question was: One man in how many, from the time of David on, has been crucified? After studying the methods of execution down through the ages and their frequency, the students with Stoner agreed to estimate this probability at one in 10,000 or 1 in 104, which they have used.
If these estimates were considered fair, one man in how many men, the world over, will fulfill all the eight prophecies? This question can be answered by applying the principles of probability. In other words, by multiplying all of our estimates together, or 1 in 2.8 x 105 x 103 x 102 x 103 x 105 x 103 x 104. This gives 1 in 2.8 x 1028, where 28 means that we have 28 ciphers following the 2.8. Let us simplify and reduce the number by calling it 1 in 1028. Written out this number is 1 in 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000. This would be the answer to the question: “One man in how many men has fulfilled these eight prophecies?”
But they were really concerned with the answer to the question: “What is the chance that any man might have lived from the day of these prophecies down to the present time and have fulfilled all of the eight prophecies?” This question can be answered by dividing 1028 by the total number of people who have lived up to Stoner’s time, since the time of these prophecies. The best information available then indicated the number to be about 88 billion or 8.8 x 1010. To simplify the computation, they used the number 1011. By dividing these two numbers they found that the chance that any man might have lived down to the present time and fulfilled all eight prophecies is 1 in 1017.
In Stoner's own words:
“Let us try to visualize this chance. If you mark one of ten tickets, and place all of the tickets in a hat, and thoroughly stir them, and then ask a blindfolded man to draw one, his chance of getting the right ticket is one in ten. Suppose that we take 1017 silver dollars and lay them on the face of Texas. They will cover all of the state two feet deep. Now mark one of these silver dollars and stir the whole mass thoroughly, all over the state. Blindfold a man and tell him that he can travel as far as he wishes, but he must pick up one silver dollar and say that this is the right one. What chance would he have of getting the right one?”
These eight prophecies alone already proved beyond the shadow of doubt the identity of Jesus as the Son of God, what more, the hundreds of bible prophecies fulfilled by the birth, death, burial and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
“Any man who rejects Christ as the Son of God is rejecting a fact proved perhaps more absolutely than any other fact in the world.”
— Professor Peter Stoner
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Reference: https://sciencespeaks.dstoner.net/Christ_of_Prophecy.html
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